Tu, February 3, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST:
General Ozochiawaeze (Purdue University, USA).
Title: A Factorization Method Approach to the Biharmonic Transmission Problem in Absorbing Media.
Abstract: In this talk, I will present an inverse shape reconstruction problem arising in biharmonic wave scattering, motivated by flexural wave propagation in thin elastic plates. I will focus on a transmission problem, where the goal is to recover a penetrable, absorbing inclusion from far-field data at a fixed frequency. Using Kirsch's factorization method, we will show one can directly recover the shape, size, and location of the unknown medium from spectral information of the far-field operator. I will also discuss the Born approximation for weak scatterers in this setting and compare its accuracy against exact far-field data for simple weak scatterers, illustrating both its usefulness and limitations. This is based on joint work with Rafael Ceja Ayala and Isaac Harris.
Tu, January 20, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST:
Mike Wendels (University of Washington, USA).
Title: Stability of the non-diffusive Westervelt inverse problem with respect to the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map.
Abstract: In this talk, I will discuss stable recovery of the sound speed and the nonlinear parameter in the non-diffusive Westervelt equation from boundary measurements encoded through the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. The Westervelt equation models the propagation of nonlinear acoustic waves in regimes relevant to applications such as medical ultrasound imaging, and the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map associates a prescribed boundary pressure profile with the resulting boundary flux. I will show that, under suitable geometric and regularity conditions, both the sound speed and the nonlinear parameter can be stably recovered from these measurements.
Tu, December 9, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST:
Yuchao Yi (University of California San Diego, USA).
Title: Time Separation and Scattering Rigidity for Analytic Lorentzian Manifolds.
Abstract: Boundary and scattering rigidity have been extensively studied in the Riemannian setting, but are much less understood in the Lorentzian case. In this talk, I will discuss several rigidity results for analytic Lorentzian manifolds. I will first present a metric determination result where the distance function is known on an arbitrarily thin exterior layer of a compact, a priori unknown region in an analytic Lorentzian manifold. Then I will discuss boundary rigidity and scattering rigidity for analytic Lorentzian manifolds with timelike boundaries. This is joint work with Yang Zhang.
Tu, November 25, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST:
Leonard Busch (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands).
Title: Analytic Fourier Integral Operators and a Problem from Seismic Inversion.
Abstract: We consider the inverse problem of determining the sound speed of the acoustic wave equation in a medium from surface measurements. We argue why microlocal analysis in the real-analytic class is a fecund setting from which to approach this problem, in particular by showing that it provides us with tools with which one can control the support of distributions using microlocal information. We show that one can recover analytic singularities from distributions transformed by a general class of analytic Fourier integral operators (FIOs). We exploit these observations to present a general ansatz for establishing uniqueness results for inverse problems that can be employed when the forward operator is such an analytic FIO. We apply this method to solve the problem from seismic inversion in the analytic setting.
Tu, November 11, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST:
Tristan (Xiangcheng) Humbert (IMJ-PRG Sorbonne University, France).
Title: Entropy rigidity near real and complex hyperbolic metrics.
Abstract: Topological entropy is a measure of the complexity of a dynamical system. The variational principle states that topological entropy is the supremum over all invariant probability measures of the metric entropies. For an Anosov flow, the supremum is uniquely attained at a measure called the measure of maximal entropy (or Bowen-Margulis measure).
An important example of Anosov flow is given by the geodesic flow on a negatively curved closed manifold. For these systems, another important invariant measure is given by the Liouville measure : the smooth volume associated to the metric.
A natural question, first raised by Katok is to characterize for which negatively curved metrics the two measures introduced above coincide. The Katok's entropy conjecture states that it is the case if and only if g is a locally symmetric metric. The conjecture was proven by Katok for surfaces but remains open in higher dimensions.
In this talk, I will explain how one can combine microlocal techniques introduced by Guillarmou-Lefeuvre for the study of the marked length spectrum with geometrical methods of Flaminio to obtain Katok's entropy conjecture in neighborhoods of real and complex hyperbolic metrics (in all dimensions).
Tu, October 28, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT:
Jared Marx-Kuo (Rice University, USA).
Title: Determining the Metric from Minimal Surfaces in Asymptotically Hyperbolic Spaces.
Abstract: In this talk we will discuss minimal surfaces in asymptotically hyperbolic spaces and a corresponding "renormalized" area that is conformally invariant. Inspired by work in the compact setting, we show that knowledge of the renormalized area on a relatively small subset of minimal surfaces determines the asymptotic expansion of the metric, including the conformal infinity. As a further application, we show that renormalized area can determine the conformal structure of the boundary of a hyperbolic 3-manifold.
Tu, October 14, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT:
James Marshall Reber (The University of Chicago, USA).
Title: Magnetic marked length spectrum rigidity.
Abstract: Given a closed Riemannian manifold with everywhere negative sectional curvature, there exists a unique geodesic inside of every non-trivial free homotopy class. The marked length spectrum is defined to be the function which takes a free homotopy class and returns the length of this geodesic. It was conjectured by Burns and Katok that the marked length spectrum determines a Riemannian metric up to isometry. In this talk, I’ll discuss the magnetized version of this conjecture, and recent progress on how the marked length spectrum for magnetic flows on surfaces can still determine the underlying geometry. This is joint work with Valerio Assenza, Jacopo de Simoi, and Ivo Terek.
Tu, September 30, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT:
Janne Nurminen (University of Jyväskylä, Finland).
Title: An inverse problem for the prescribed mean curvature equation.
Abstract: In this talk I will formulate an inverse problem for the prescribed mean curvature equation (PMC)
\[ \nabla \cdot \left[ \frac{\nabla u}{(1+|\nabla u|^{2})^{1/2}} \right] =H(x). \]
The question is if from boundary measurements one can determine the mean curvature \(H\). This type of inverse problem is called an inverse source problem. The talk is based on joint work with Tony Liimatainen and we show that it is indeed possible to recover \(H\). I will try to discuss the methods used without going to ugly details. If I have time I will compare this result with results for inverse problems for the minimal surface equation.
Tu, May 13, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT:
Nikolas Eptaminitakis (Leibniz University Hannover, Germany).
Title: Inverse Problems for Nonlinear Hyperbolic PDEs with Geometric Optics — the Westervelt equation and the DC Kerr system.
Abstract: Inverse problems for nonlinear hyperbolic PDEs have gained significant attention over the past decade, particularly following the pioneering work of Kurylev, Lassas, and Uhlmann (2018) introducing the high-order linearization method. In this talk, we present two examples of a different approach to forward and inverse problems for quasilinear PDEs that does not make use of linearization. Instead, we construct highly oscillatory asymptotic solutions using geometric optics. The first example concerns the non-diffusive Westervelt equation, a second order scalar quasilinear PDE that models the time evolution of acoustic pressure in a medium relative to its equilibrium state. The second example focuses on the Maxwell system with a cubic Kerr-type nonlinearity, which models the DC Kerr effect in nonlinear optics—a phenomenon used in the design of ultra-fast optical switches. In both cases, we describe how to construct and rigorously justify asymptotic solutions whose behavior is consistent with experimental observations, and we demonstrate how these solutions can be used to recover the unknown nonlinear parameters appearing in the equations. Based on joint work with Plamen Stefanov.
Tu, April 29, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT via Zoom:
Steven Flynn (University College London, England).
Title: The sub-Riemannian X-ray transform on H-type groups.
Abstract: We continue the development of X-ray tomography in sub-Riemannian geometry. We specialize to H-type groups, which are the model spaces for a large class of sub-Riemannian manifolds. Using the group Fourier Transform, we compute essentially the SVD of the X-ray transform, from which we deduce that an integrable function on an H-type group is determined by its integrals over sub-Riemannian geodesics. These results given explicit answers to the injectivity question in a class of geometries with an abundance of conjugate points. If there is time, we will also advertise upcoming work on sub-Riemannian tensor tomography.
Tu, April 15, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT via Zoom:
Simon St-Amant (University of Cambridge, England).
Title: Traces of Gaussian beams and inverse problems for connections at high fixed frequency.
Abstract: In this talk, I will go over a version of the elliptic Calderón problem for connections on a vector bundle with a frequency parameter. The goal will be to show how a new approach in constructing Gaussian beams can help determine their boundary values when the frequency parameter is high but fixed. I will also address the role of boundary values of special solutions for inverse problems with a nonlinearity.
Tu, April 1, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT via Zoom:
Amir Vig (University of Michigan, USA).
Title: Inverse problems, Hamiltonian dynamical systems and Birkhoff billiards.
Abstract: I will introduce Hamiltonian dynamical systems from an elementary perspective and advertise some related inverse problems. After this, I will talk about the particular case of Birkhoff billiards and mention some of my recent work on the inverse length and Laplace spectral problems in that setting.
Tu, March 18, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PDT via Zoom:
Manuel Cañizares (Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Austria).
Title: Identifying electric potentials via the local near-field scattering pattern at fixed energy.
Abstract: We study the inverse scattering problem with electric potentials. We prove that local measurements of electromagnetic waves at fixed energies can uniquely determine a rough compactly supported potential in dimension n ≥ 3.
By rough, we mean that the potential can be decomposed into a part that lives in L^{n/2}, a part that is supported in a compact hypersurface, and a part that corresponds to the sth derivative of an L^∞ function, with s < 1.
We will review how Harmonic Analysis plays into solving the forward problem, but we will center the talk in the solution of the inverse problem. Caro and Garcia proved in 2020 that measuring waves at a fixed energy on a sphere surrounding the potential would give its unique determination. To extend these results to smaller set of measurements, in this case to a small hypersurface in the vicinity of the potential, we prove a Runge approximation result via unique continuation and interior regularity arguments.
Also, solving of a Neumann problem for the Helmholtz equation is key in the proof of this Runge approximation. We will show how domain perturbation techniques allow us to find a solution to this boundary value problem.
Tu, March 4, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST via Zoom:
Spyridon Filippas (University of Helsinki, Finland).
Title: On unique continuation for Schrödinger operators.
Abstract: We are interested in the following question: a solution of the linear time dependent Schrödinger equation vanishing in a small open set during a small time does it vanishe everywhere? In the case where the operator includes a potential the answer to this question depends on its regularity. We will present a result under the assumption that the potential has a Gevrey 2 regularity with respect to time. This relaxes the analyticity assumption known previously. This is a joint work with Camille Laurent and Matthieu Léautaud.
Tu, February 18, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST via Zoom:
Hjørdis Schlüter (University of Helsinki, Finland).
Title: The second step in hybrid inverse problems in limited view.
Abstract: Hybrid inverse problems combine two imaging modalities in order to make the reconstruction procedure more “well-posed”. They typically consist of two steps: One step to obtain internal data and another step to reconstruct the desired material parameter. In this talk I will focus on hybrid inverse problems that combine Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) with another imaging modality, ultrasound waves or magnetic resonance imaging, in order to reconstruct the electrical conductivity. Additionally, I consider a limited view setting, where one only has control over a part of the boundary. Relative to classical EIT these hybrid imaging techniques suffice with only two EIT measurements. However, the two boundary functions imposed on a part of the boundary for the EIT procedure should be chosen carefully, so that the corresponding internal data contains enough information for reconstruction of the conductivity. In this talk I will address under what conditions on the boundary functions this is the case, and I will go through a numerical example.
Tu, February 4, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST via Zoom:
Antti Kykkänen (Rice University, USA).
Title: Geometry of gas giants and inverse problems.
Abstract: In this talk, I will introduce a Riemannian geometric model for wave propagation in gas giant planets. Terrestrial planets and gas giants have one key difference: in gas, density goes to zero at the surface, and seismic waves come to a full stop. We model the sound speed in a planet by a Riemannian metric. Starting from a polytropic model for the planet, we derive that the vanishing of the density ammounts to a specific conformal-type singularity in the Riemannian metric. We will highlight the key differences between the arising geometry and its more studied relatives. We finish with an overview of inverse problems results in our new geometry. The talk is based on joint work with Maarten de Hoop (Rice University), Joonas Ilmavirta (University of Jyväskylä), and Rafe Mazzeo (Stanford University).
Tu, January 21, 2025, 9:00-10:00 am PST via Zoom:
Hadrian Quan (University of California, Santa Cruz, USA).
Title: The anisotropic Calderón problem for the fractional Dirac operator.
Abstract: In this talk I will discuss joint work with Gunther Uhlmann regarding the anisotropic fractional Calderon problem for Dirac operators on closed manifolds; these give fractional analogues of Maxwell systems. Namely we show that knowledge of the source-to-solution map of the fractional Dirac operator, for data sources supported in an arbitrary open set in a Riemannian manifold allows one to reconstruct the Riemannian manifold, its Clifford module structure, and the associated connection (up to an isometry fixing the initial set).
Tu, November 26, 2024, 9:00-10:00 am PST via Zoom:
Giovanni Covi (University of Helsinki, Finland).
Title: Nonlocality in inverse problems.
Abstract: We will discuss some general aspects of inverse problems for nonlocal operators. In particular, we will consider the fundamental example of the fractional Calderòn problem, in which an electric potential has to be recovered from nonlocal Dirichlet-to-Neumann data. We will see how the nonlocality of the operator helps in the resolution of the problem, by allowing the use of a surprisingly powerful approximation technique. Finally, we will discuss some interesting applications, results and open problems.
Tu, November 12, 2024, 9:00-10:00 am PST via Zoom:
Lili Yan (University of Minnesota, USA).
Title: Inverse boundary problems for elliptic operators on Riemannian manifolds.
Abstract: In an inverse boundary problem, one seeks to determine the coefficients of a PDE inside a domain, describing internal properties, from the knowledge of boundary values of solutions of the PDE, encoding boundary measurements. Applications of such problems range from medical imaging to non-destructive testing. In this talk, starting with the fundamental Calderon inverse conductivity problem, we shall first discuss a partial data inverse boundary problem for the Magnetic Sch\"odinger operator in the setting of compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary. Next, we discuss first-order perturbations of biharmonic operators in the setting of compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary. Specifically, we shall present a global uniqueness result as well as a reconstruction procedure for the latter inverse boundary problem on conformally transversally anisotropic Riemannian manifolds of dimensions three and higher.
Tu, October 29, 2024, 9:00-10:00 am PDT via Zoom:
Yuzhou Joey Zou (Northwestern University, USA).
Title: The X-Ray Transform on Euclidean and Hyperbolic Disks via Projective Equivalence.
Abstract: We discuss recent works studying sharp mapping properties of weighted X-ray transforms on the Euclidean disk and hyperbolic disk. We are particularly interested in the mapping properties of weighted versions of normal operators associated to the X-ray transform and the behavior of such operators up to the boundary; the presence of weights sometimes improves such behavior. We prove a C^\infty isomorphism result (joint with R. Mishra and F. Monard) for certain weighted normal operators on the Euclidean disk by studying the spectrum of a distinguished Keldysh-type degenerate elliptic differential operator. We then discuss how to transfer these results to the hyperbolic disk (joint with N. Eptaminitakis and F. Monard), by using a projective equivalence between the Euclidean and hyperbolic disks via the Beltrami-Klein model, where one can view geodesics in the hyperbolic disk as Euclidean geodesics up to reparametrization.
Tu, October 15, 2024, 9:00-10:00 am PDT via Zoom:
Govanni Granados (The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA).
Title: Reconstruction of small and extended regions in EIT with a Robin transmission condition.
Abstract: In this talk, we will discuss some applications of the Regularized Factorization Method (RegFM) to a problem coming from Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) with a first-order Robin transmission condition. This method falls under the category of qualitative methods for inverse problems. Qualitative Methods are used in non-destructive testing where physical measurements on the surface or exterior of an object are used to infer the interior structure. In general, qualitative methods require little a priori knowledge of the interior structure or physical parameters. We assume that the Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) mapping is given on the exterior boundary from an imposed voltage. Full knowledge of this DtN mapping allows us to reconstruct extended regions. We also discuss the asymptotic analysis of an integral equation involving the DtN mapping and apply a Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC)-type algorithm to recover regions of small volume. We also consider the problem where we have a second-order Robin condition. For this problem, RegFM will be used to recover extended regions for the separate cases where the boundary parameters are complex-valued and real-valued. Numerical examples will be presented for all cases in two dimensions in the unit circle.
Tu, October 1, 2024, 9:00-10:00 am PDT via Zoom:
Yang Zhang (University of California Irvine, USA).
Title: Inverse Boundary Value Problems Arising in Nonlinear Acoustic Imaging.
Abstract: In nonlinear acoustic imaging, the propagation of ultrasound waves can be modeled using the Westervelt equation, a quasilinear wave equation. In this talk, we will discuss inverse problems related to this equation, particularly focusing on various damping effects. We will talk about determining both the nonlinearity and damping coefficients in two specific contexts: a weakly damped model and a strongly damped one. For the weakly damped Westervelt equation, our approach involves using multi-fold linearization and the nonlinear interactions of distorted plane waves, based on the work by Kurylev, Lassas, and Uhlmann. In the case of the strongly damped Westervelt equation, our strategy involves constructing a complex geometric optics solution and applying Hörmander's fundamental solutions to control the remainder term.
Tu, September 17, 2024, 9:00-10:00 am PDT:
Jan Boh (University of Bonn, Germany).
Title: Tomography and holomorphic vector bundles.
Abstract: In non-Abelian X-ray tomography one tries to recover a connection on a vector bundle from measurements of the parallel transport operator. For simple surfaces many aspects of this non-linear problem are now well-understood, including a general injectivity result and a range characterisation. In the talk I will discuss some of these developments from the viewpoint of twistor spaces and their holomorphic vector bundles.
